We've talked about cozy reads and tricky narrators, but let's shift gears and dive into the genre that requires the most audacious act of creation: Secondary World Fantasy.
This is the genre of dragons, deep magic, warring nations, and histories so rich they could fill an encyclopedia. It’s not just a story set in a different place—it's a story set in a whole different reality.
What Exactly is Secondary World Fantasy?
The term refers to fantasy novels set entirely within an invented world, separate from our own. Unlike Urban Fantasy (where magic exists secretly in cities like New York or London), Secondary World Fantasy requires authors to build their reality from the ground up.
Think of it this way:
Primary World (or Urban) Fantasy: The Dresden Files, Harry Potter (magic hidden within our world).
Secondary World Fantasy: The Lord of the Rings, A Song of Ice and Fire, Mistborn (Middle-earth, Westeros, and Scadrial are entirely separate creations).
The Four Pillars of Great Worldbuilding
What elevates a good fantasy novel to a genre-defining masterpiece? It often comes down to the author's meticulous attention to these four elements:
1. 🗺️ Geography and Biomes
A world needs mountains, seas, deserts, and the cultures that adapt to them. Does the Sun always rise in the East? Are there two moons? The physical environment dictates logistics, trade, and war. Example: The distinct, harsh climate of the Free Cities in A Song of Ice and Fire.
2. 🏛️ History and Mythology
The history of a secondary world must feel ancient. It needs ruined empires, forgotten gods, and legends that still influence current events. This depth makes the world feel lived-in and real. Example: The deep history of the Wheel of Time universe, complete with ages and reincarnating souls.
3. ✨ The Magic System (Hard vs. Soft)
This is the core differentiator. Is the magic rigidly defined with rules and costs (Hard Magic—e.g., Brandon Sanderson's Allomancy, where you burn metals)? Or is it mystical, emotional, and boundless (Soft Magic—e.g., the Force in Star Wars or the magic in Tolkien)? Both require consistency within their own rules.
4. 🗣️ Language and Social Structure
How do people talk? What are their customs, political systems, and social hierarchies? This includes everything from the food they eat to the names of their children. Example: The complex, feudal system and noble houses in Game of Thrones.
Why We Are Drawn to These Worlds
We read Secondary World Fantasy not just for the plot, but for the immersion. It's the ultimate escape. When done well, the world itself becomes a character—vast, unforgiving, and magnificent.
It reminds us that reality is flexible, and that with enough imagination, an author can literally start with a blank page and create an entire cosmos that millions of readers will happily get lost in for years.
What secondary world is your personal favorite to escape to? Let me know which fictional geography you'd most like to visit (or survive)!
